Main features of Fiber laser cutting machine
Narrow slits and small workpiece distortion
The laser beam is focused into a very small light spot, which achieves a high power density at the focal point. At this time, the heat input by the light beam far exceeds the part reflected, conducted or diffused by the material, and the material quickly heats up to the degree of vaporization and evaporates to form holes. As the beam and the material move relatively linearly, the hole continuously forms a slit with a very narrow width. The cutting edge is little affected by heat, and there is basically no deformation of the workpiece.
During the cutting process, an auxiliary vapor suitable for the material to be cut is added. When cutting steel, oxygen is used as an auxiliary vapor to produce an exothermic chemical reaction with the molten metal to oxidize the material, while helping to blow away the slag in the slit. For cutting polypropylene and other plastics, compressed air is used, and for inflammable materials such as cotton and paper, inert vapor is used for cutting. The auxiliary vapor entering the nozzle can also cool the focusing lens, preventing smoke from entering the lens holder to contaminate the lens and causing the lens to overheat.
Most organic and inorganic materials can be cut with laser. In the metal processing industry, which occupies a heavy weight in industrial manufacturing systems, many metal materials, regardless of their hardness, can be cut without deformation. Of course, for high-reflectivity materials such as gold, silver, copper and aluminum alloys, they are also good heat transfer conductors, so laser cutting is difficult, even impossible. Laser cutting is free of burrs, wrinkles and high precision, which is better than plasma cutting. For many electromechanical manufacturing industries, because the modern laser cutting system controlled by the microcomputer program can conveniently cut workpieces of different shapes and sizes, it is often preferred over punching and molding processes; although its processing speed is slower than that of die punching, However, it has no mold consumption, no need to repair the mold, and saves the time to replace the mold, thereby saving processing costs and reducing production costs, so it is more cost-effective to consider in general.
Non-contact processing
After focusing, the laser beam forms a very small point of action with extremely strong energy. There are many characteristics in applying it to cutting. First of all, the laser light energy is converted into amazing heat energy and kept in a very small area, which can provide
⑴Narrow straight edge slits;
⑵ The smallest heat-affected zone adjacent to the cut edge;
(3) Very small local deformation.
Secondly, the laser beam does not exert any force on the workpiece, it is a non-contact cutting tool, which means
⑴No mechanical deformation of the workpiece;
⑵ There is no tool wear, and it is impossible to talk about the problem of tool conversion;
⑶ The cutting material does not need to consider its hardness, that is, the laser cutting ability is not affected by the hardness of the material being cut, and any hardness material can be cut.
Again, the laser beam is highly controllable and has high adaptability and flexibility, so
⑴Combined with automatic equipment is very convenient, easy to automate the cutting process;
⑵Because there is no restriction on cutting the workpiece, the laser beam has unlimited copy cutting capabilities;
⑶Combined with the computer, the whole board can be discharged, saving materials.
Adaptability and flexibility
Compared with other conventional processing methods, laser cutting has greater adaptability. First, compared with other thermal cutting methods, as a thermal cutting process, other methods cannot act on a very small area like a laser beam, resulting in a wide cut, a large heat-affected zone, and significant workpiece deformation. Lasers can cut non-metals, but other thermal cutting methods cannot.
In general, the quality of laser cutting can be measured by the following 6 standards.
⒈Cut surface roughness Rz
⒉ Cut slag size
⒊Cut edge verticality and slope u
⒋ Cutting edge fillet size r
⒌ drag amount after stripe n
⒍Flatness F
